According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), cooking equipment is the leading cause of house fires, with unattended cooking being the primary culprit. Cooking oil fires, in particular, pose a unique challenge due to the intensity and rapid spread of the flames.
Cooking oil fires are difficult to extinguish if you don’t have the right equipment at hand. The powerful jet of some fire extinguishers could spread the oil fire. Using water to extinguisher oil fires can cause the fire to erupt violently. Therefore, it is important to have the correct equipment to tackle kitchen fires
Tackling Cooking Oil Fires at Home
How to put out a Cooking Oil Fire
Pan fires can be tackled with fire blankets and fire extinguishers. A water mist fire extinguisher is versatile, and therefore can tackle all types of kitchen fire including fires involving electrical equipment up to 1000 volts. A fire blanket is a good option for most domestic kitchens, as generally smaller amounts of oil are used. A fire blanket is placed over the pan fire to smother it and starve the fire from oxygen.
For larger deep fat fryers in your home, we would recommend a wet chemical fire extinguisher which holds a 25F rating. The wet chemical extinguisher is made specifically for tackling larger quantities of oil on fire.
Where to put a Kitchen Fire Extinguisher
In the case of cooking oil fires, having a fire extinguisher within easy reach can be a lifesaver. Mount the extinguisher in a visible and easily accessible location, away from the stove but still within close proximity to the cooking area. We recommend placing your fire extinguisher near the kitchen exit, ensuring a quick and unobstructed path to safety. Avoid placing it too close to potential fire hazards, such as curtains or wooden cabinets.
Tackling Cooking Oil Fires at Work
If you work in a commercial kitchen with deep fat fryers, a wet chemical kitchen fire extinguisher is usually recommended. Wet chemical fire extinguishers are specifically designed to put out cooking oil fires and therefore should be kept in kitchens for commercial use. The wet chemical fire extinguisher forms a foam blanket on top of the oil which stops the supply of oxygen, therefore extinguishing the fire. Fire blankets are also a useful addition in a commercial kitchen as they can be used on pan fires, cooking oil fires, waste basket fires and also clothing fires.
What to do in a Kitchen Fire
Stay calm
Turn off the heat source (if possible)
If the fire is not too big, use your fire extinguisher or fire blanket to try and extinguish the fire
Call emergency services
Move anything else that could catch fire away from the burning oil if you can
Make sure children and pets do not come near the fire
A man cooking starts a cooking fire.
How can Cooking Oil Fires be Prevented?
To avoid cooking oil fires, never leave cooking unattended and pay attention to cooking pans and deep fat fryers at all times, especially when cooking with oil. Keep the area clean from grease buildup, as accumulated grease can be a potential fuel source for fires. In the event of a small grease fire, never use water to extinguish it. Instead, cover the pan with a fire blanket or use a fire extinguisher for kitchen fires. By adopting these preventive measures, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of cooking oil fires and enhance the overall safety of your kitchen.
For further advice on fire prevention in your home, complete the Home Fire Safety Check. Get personalised tips and a fire safety action plan to help you and your family to stay safe.
Conducting regular fire drills in the workplace is essential in order to practice for a safe evacuation during a fire. Fire drills go beyond compliance with regulations; they are the heartbeat of safety culture within organisations. Not only do they ensure that all staff, customers and visitors to your premises understand what they need to do if there is a fire, but they also help you to test how effective your fire evacuation procedure is.
What is a fire drill?
A fire drill is an organised procedure to simulate the steps you should take in the event of a fire. Its primary function is to ensure that all individuals in the building are familiar with escape routes, emergency exits and safety protocols. A fire drill educates and prepares occupants for a swift evacuation in the event of a real fire. A fire drill usually involves sounding the alarm system, evacuation to designated assembly points and coordination with emergency responders.
Regularly practicing fire drills enhances your readiness and response in the event of a real fire, which contribute to a safer environment for everyone involved.
Life or death
Imagine a fire starts. The company does not conduct regular fire drills. Everyone is panicking and doesn’t know what to do as part of the fire evacuation procedure. However, an organisation or even a household that conducts regular fire drills remains calm. Instinct kicks in from the fire drill practice to follow the fire evacuation procedure. This can be the difference between life and death.
‘You need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.
You should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.’ GOV UK
Testing Safety Equipment
Your fire drill not only gives people a routine to ensure their safety, it also gives you the opportunity to make sure essential fire safety equipment is in working order. Fire safety equipment includes alarm systems, fire door retainers, emergency lighting and evacuation equipment. In the event of a real emergency, all fire safety equipment must be working to evacuate timely and to prevent the spread of fire.
If, while undergoing a fire drill, you find that your fire safety equipment isn’t working; get it fixed or replaced as soon as possible to give your business the best chance of being protected.
How often should you do fire drills?
Yearly fire drills are a legal requirement for all businesses. However, Health and Safety Executive (HSE) recommends having a few fire drills each year to enhance safety measures and better prepare for potential emergencies. While the minimum legal standard is an annual fire drill, more frequent exercises, such as quarterly or semi-annual drills, can significantly improve the effectiveness of emergency response plans.
Fire Drill Roles & Responsibilities
Designating key roles to individuals during your fire drills helps streamline the evacuation. Fire Wardens oversee the evacuation process and check designated areas, while Evacuation Marshals are responsible for guiding people to safety. Someone should also be assigned to account for all individuals at the assembly points to ensure that everyone has safely evacuated the building. Clearly defining roles and responsibilities in advance ensures confidence in individuals that there is a well-coordinated plan in place.
COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health) regulations were put in place to protect workers from poor health in the workplace. Many materials and substances used in the workplace can be harmful to human health and therefore it is important to limit the exposure. COSHH regulations require employers to identify harmful substances in the workplace and put measures in place to protect employees.
What are COSHH hazardous substances?
COSHH covers the different forms of hazardous substances; liquids, dusts, gases, vapours, mists and fumes. COSHH substances can cause problems to human health causing issues such as such as skin damage, asthma, lung damage, cancer and more. Effects such as stinging or dizziness when exposed to COSHH substances can be immediate. However, some can take years to develop like lung disease.
In the workplace you can often be exposed to different forms of hazardous substances without even knowing. Here’s a few to look out for:
Liquids – Found in cleaning products, fuels, pesticides, processed chemicals, liquified gases
Dusts – Found in wood, concrete, bricks, glass, grains, flour
Gases – Make sure you know what gases you’re dealing with before using them. There are a wide range of gases that are harmful in different ways
Vapours – Solvent vapours released from adhesives, glues, paints, inks
Mists – Released from sprays, jets, hand dispensers
Fumes – Created from heating a solid, e.g created when welding. Strong and strict control measures around the extraction of the potentially harmful fumes
What are the COSHH hazard classes?
COSHH symbols are used to identify the COSHH hazard classes. COSHH symbols relate to specific types of harm that can occur from harmful materials or substances, and there are 9 official COSHH symbols in total; corrosive, harmful, explosive, flammable, irritant, oxidising, toxic, health hazard and environmental hazard. Most products have COSHH symbols on their packaging to inform users if the material or substance is harmful. Here are the symbols:
COSHH Symbols
What is a COSHH regulations assessment?
It’s the employer’s responsibility to perform a COSHH Assessment to understand the level of risk that exists within the workplace. The COSHH Assessment includes a review of hazardous properties, looking at how they are used and identifying any control measures needed to prevent harm to health. It’s the employers responsibility to ensure COSHH regulations and prevention processes are being followed.
Assess the risks
Think about how workers might be exposed, who might be exposed, how to control the risks, who needs to carry out the action and when the action is needed.
Control the risks
Eliminate unnecessary substances or replace substances where a safer alternative is available and consider whether a process can be changed to so it results in less exposure. If a substance is not directly replaceable, adequate control measures must be put in place to reduce exposure.
Training and educating staff about any risks to health from hazardous substances is critical. Hanging a COSHH poster in the workplace to show a clear list of hazard symbols for staff to familiarise themselves with is a good way to raise awareness.
As the employer, it is your responsibility to ensure that workers understand the policies around COSHH regulations and what it means for them. This may include which hazards are present, necessary training and how the risks are being controlled.
Gas boilers, heaters, fires and cookers are common in households across the UK. However, many people are unaware of the dangers of poor maintenance of this type of appliance. Is your home gas safe?
Dangerous gas appliances
Faulty gas appliances can produce toxic carbon monoxide gas as a result of incomplete combustion. Carbon monoxide is odourless and colourless meaning that without a detector, its presence cannot be identified. Even if your gas burning appliances are regularly serviced by a qualified engineer, it is possible for faults to occur. Alongside maintaining household appliances, the best way to keep your home gas safe is to install a CO alarm.
Carbon Monoxide emissions from a poorly fitted, poorly ventilated or faulty gas appliance can be deadly. On average, 50 people in the UK are killed each year by CO poisoning, with 4,000 admitted to hospital. There are also an unknown number of people who have suffered some degree of carbon monoxide poisoning, and either do not report it or are mis-diagnosed as the symptoms are very similar to common flu.
Dangers of unqualified gas fitters
The Gas Safe Register has highlighted the dangers of unqualified fitters, reporting that when inspected by a registered Gas Safe Engineer, 79% of boilers originally installed by unqualified fitters are putting occupants at risk, or are classified as immediately dangerous. Similar statistics published by Gas Safety Week show that half of all gas fires inspected by a registered Gas Safe Engineer are unsafe.
The Gas Safe Register logo is recognisable
Maintaining gas appliances
If you have a gas appliance, you should have it serviced every year. Always ensure that repairs or new installations are only carried out by a qualified and registered Gas Safe Engineer. Regular servicing is the best way to prevent faults, and keep your family safe from deadly CO gas. Check to see if loved ones and vulnerable friends or neighbours have an up to date gas safety certificate.
Only registered Gas Safe engineers should service the gas burning appliances in your home
The Gas Safety watch dog is urging consumers to always check the credentials of any gas fitter. This should always be done before allowing them to do any work on a gas appliance. They are also asking the public to inform them of any rogue installers who are claiming to be qualified, but do not appear on the Gas Safety Register.
Get gas safe – Importance of installing CO alarms
You should always install a carbon monoxide alarm to protect your household from the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, especially because carbon monoxide can travel through adjoining walls. Therefore, even if you don’t have any gas appliances, or are certain that every appliance in your home is gas safe, a detector is the only way to have complete peace of mind.
Many detectors have a long life, and so remain reliable for up to a decade. With options for audio and visual cues, there is an alarm suitable for everyone. Check that every CO alarm in your home is marked BS EN 50291 and displays the British Standards’ Kitemark. If you can’t see these markings, or need to replace an old device, you can find a selection of CO alarms on our website that are suitable for use at home.
Pancake day, or Shrove Tuesday, is a Christian traditional feast that takes place just before Lent. Across the world every Shrove Tuesday, thousands of people cook and eat pancakes. Pancakes are easy to make, and many children will get involved in cooking them.
Cooking pancakes is fun for the whole family, but there can be safety risks, especially if children are helping in the kitchen. If your frying pan caught fire, would you and your children know what to do?
Can pancakes catch fire?
Yes, pancakes, and more importantly the oil in which they are cooked, can catch fire. It is all too easy to get distracted lathering your pancake in your favourite topping. It doesn’t take much for a pan with oil to overheat and to burst into flames, so take care when cooking with oil.
Top Pancake Day Safety Tips
Before you get started
Ensure that you have an in-date fire blanket on hand, and that everyone in your home knows how to use it.
Fire blankets are suitable for use on Class F fires (cooking oils and fats), and should be a safety feature of every kitchen.
You will see the instructions clearly printed on the front of most fire blankets, and tutorial videos are available online. You can find more information in our fire blanket help guide.
Before pancake day, we recommend that you go through the evacuation plan for your house before cooking, to ensure that everyone knows to get out of danger quickly and safely.
Make sure everyone who will be cooking knows what to do if a pancake catches fire:
Stay calm and turn off any heat sources if you can
If the flames are still just in the pan, cover the fire with a metal lid or a fire blanket
If you cannot safely extinguish the fire yourself, evacuate the building and call the fire brigade immediately.
NEVER attempt to extinguish an oil fire with water, as this can cause explosions. This YouTube Video is a useful resource to share with your family.
While you are cooking
Ensure that a responsible person is supervising the cooking of the pancakes at all times.
Pancakes are simple to make and lots of little ones like to get involved on Shrove Tuesday, but parents and guardians should be mindful of the dangers in the kitchen. As with all cooking, open flames and hot pans pose burn risks. It’s a good idea to always have a fully stocked burns kit on hand in the kitchen in case accidents happen.
Turn off the heat in between ‘rounds’, when the pan is not being used.
Don’t leave the hob burning or pancakes cooking unattended
When excitement levels are high, it can be easy to forget normal safety habits. You would never leave the hob on while eating dinner – make sure it is off while you are eating your pancakes, even if you are planning to go back and make more.
Check your cooking area is clean and clear to prevent anything from catching fire.
Messy counters can be a fire risk
Keeping a clear workspace when cooking can be hard, especially with small children around. Even if you can’t keep on top of the floury counters and sticky fingers this pancake day, ensure that the area around the hob stays clear. If you put oven mitts and tea towels down next to the cooking area, this can pose a huge fire risk.
For more top home safety tips, try the home fire safety check. This free tool will help you to identify fire safety hazards in your home and offers clear tips and advice for how to improve safety for your household!
Both foam and powder extinguishers are commonly found in workplaces and public spaces across the UK, but which is best? Both types of extinguisher are suitable for use on most common fire risks, making them versatile, and a popular choice. Selecting the best fire-fighting solution for your organisation can be difficult and will depend on the type of environment and risks that exist.
Powder extinguishers are best suited to outdoor areas
Powder Fire Extinguishers
As the name suggests, powder extinguishers contain a dust like powder, which when discharged, forms a thin layer on top of the burning fuel. This layer absorbs heat and deprives the fire of oxygen, which prevents the continuation of the chemical process of combustion.
Powder fire extinguishers are available in a range of sizes
Pros of Powder Extinguishers
Powder extinguishers are versatile, being suitable for Class A, B, C fires and fires involving electrical equipment
Fluorine-Free
Powder units can be up to twice as effective against class A fires as foams
Does not freeze so can be used outside all year round
Britannia Fire has launched two eco-foam P50 Service-Free Fire Extinguishers: A-Foam and B-Foam. Like AFFF Foam, the medium in these units works by covering the fire, and forming a seal that cuts off the oxygen supply, and has a cooling effect.
Pros of Foam Extinguishers
Suitable for indoor use
Fluorine-Free
Suitable for indoor workplace environments with class A, B and live electrical equipment risks (select either A or B foam depending on the amount of class A or B risk)
Water Mist Fire Extinguishers – an Alternative to Powder and Foam
Water mist fire extinguishers are 100% environmentally friendly, as they contain only de-ionised water. Upon discharge, water mists therefore release no harmful substances, and leave no messy residue to clean up. The water they contain is de-ionised, and so does not conduct electricity. This means that they are also safe for use on live electrical equipment, making them an ideal replacement for the AFFF foam extinguishers.
An alternative solution to foam or powder fire extinguisher
Foam vs Powder Extinguishers – Which Extinguisher Should I Choose?
In premises where the fire risk assessment has identified only Class A and/or Class B risks plus fires involving electrical equipment, there are several types of fire extinguisher which may be suitable:
Ultimately, the type of extinguisher that needs to be installed on a premises will be determined by the risks identified by the fire risk assessment. Where there is overlap, and more than one type of extinguisher would be suitable, it is up to the responsible person to ensure that they have selected the most effective and appropriate fire-fighting solution for their organisation or property.
Powder extinguishers are often best for outdoor environments where there is a mixed fire risk. Water mist or eco-foam extinguishers are ideal for indoor spaces with common fire risks.
A powder extinguisher is used for tackling multiple types of fires. These versatile fire-fighting tools can extinguish Class A fires (involving solid materials like wood and paper), Class B fires (involving flammable liquids), Class C fires (involving gases), and fires involving live electrical equipment up to 1000V at a distance of 1m. When you discharge a powder extinguisher, it forms a thin layer on the burning fuel that absorbs heat and deprives the fire of oxygen, stopping the combustion process. Powder extinguishers are best suited for outdoor environments due to their messy discharge and potential respiratory irritation.
How many types of fire extinguishers are there?
There are several types of fire extinguishers available, each designed to combat specific fire risks. The main types include water, water mist, foam, powder, CO2 and wet chemical extinguishers. Each type works differently and targets specific fire classes. When selecting which of these types of fire extinguishers to install, you should always base your decision on the fire risk assessment for your premises. The number of types of fire extinguishers you might need depends on the various fire risks present in your environment, with some locations requiring multiple types for comprehensive protection.
How do water fire extinguishers work?
Water fire extinguishers work by cooling the burning material below its ignition temperature. When directed at a Class A fire (involving solid materials like wood, paper and textiles), the water absorbs heat from the fire, reducing the temperature and eventually extinguishing the flames. Traditional water extinguishers are not usually suitable for electrical fires as water conducts electricity, but specialised water mist extinguishers use de-ionised water that doesn’t conduct electricity, making them safe for use on electrical equipment. Understanding how water fire extinguishers work helps you determine when they’re appropriate to use in an emergency situation.
Which type of fire extinguisher should you use on live electrical equipment?
When dealing with fires involving live electrical equipment, you should use either a CO2, powder or any water-based extinguisher that has passed a di-electric test in accordance with BS-EN3. Essentially if an extinguisher is marked with the electrical symbol on the front or says it has been di-electrically tested, it is suitable.
What type of fire is a CO2 fire extinguisher used for?
A CO2 fire extinguisher is used for Class B fires involving flammable liquids and fires involving live electrical equipment. The type of fire a CO2 fire extinguisher is most effective against includes those involving electrical equipment, computers and other sensitive electronics where other extinguishing agents might cause damage. CO2 works by displacing oxygen, which starves the fire of one of the elements it needs to continue burning. Unlike powder extinguishers, CO2 extinguishers leave no residue, making them ideal for environments with expensive or sensitive equipment.
What is a dry powder extinguisher used for?
A dry powder extinguisher is used for fighting multiple classes of fire, making it one of the most versatile fire-fighting tools available. When asking what a dry powder extinguisher is used for, the answer includes Class A fires (involving solids like wood and paper), Class B fires (involving flammable liquids), Class C fires (involving gases), and fires involving live electrical equipment up to 1000V from 1m away. Dry powder extinguishers work by releasing a fine powder that forms a barrier between the fuel and oxygen, interrupting the chemical reaction occurring in the fire. They’re particularly valuable in outdoor settings and environments with mixed fire risks, though they should not be used indoors due to clean up issues and respiratory concerns.
What is a dry chemical powder extinguisher used for?
A dry chemical powder extinguisher is used for combating multiple fire types in a variety of settings. When considering what a dry chemical powder extinguisher is used for, you should know these versatile units can tackle Class A fires (involving solid materials), Class B fires (involving flammable liquids), Class C fires (involving gases), and fires involving electrical equipment up to 1000V at 1m distance. The chemical powder works by interrupting the chemical reaction in the fire while also creating a barrier between the fuel and oxygen. These extinguishers are particularly effective outdoors where their discharge won’t cause visibility issues or respiratory concerns.
What type of fire is a powder extinguisher used for?
A powder extinguisher is used for multiple types of fires, making it highly versatile. When considering what type of fire a powder extinguisher is used for, the answer includes Class A fires (involving solid materials like wood and textiles), Class B fires (involving flammable liquids like petrol and oil), Class C fires (involving gases), and fires involving live electrical equipment up to 1000V when used from a distance of 1m. The powder works by forming a thin layer over the burning material, which absorbs heat and cuts off oxygen supply to the fire. This versatility makes powder extinguishers particularly valuable in environments with mixed fire risks, especially in outdoor settings where their discharge won’t cause visibility or respiratory issues.
What is a powder fire extinguisher not used for?
A powder fire extinguisher is not used for indoor fires in enclosed spaces, despite its versatility for multiple fire classes. Ideally they should not be used in confined areas where people might inhale the powder, which can irritate respiratory and digestive systems. They’re also not recommended for use on delicate equipment due to the difficult cleanup process after discharge. Powder extinguishers are not suitable for Class F fires involving cooking oils and fats. Additionally, they should not be used in situations where visibility is crucial, as the powder discharge can significantly reduce visibility in an enclosed space, potentially hampering evacuation efforts.
What is the ABC powder fire extinguisher used for?
An ABC powder fire extinguisher is used for tackling multiple fire types in a single unit. These versatile extinguishers can combat Class A fires (solid materials like wood, paper and textiles), Class B fires (flammable liquids like petrol and oil), and Class C fires (gases like propane and butane). Additionally, they’re safe for use on fires involving live electrical equipment up to 1000V when used from 1m away. The ABC designation refers to the fire classes the extinguisher can handle, making it a popular choice for locations with varied fire risks. These extinguishers work by releasing a powder that creates a barrier between the fire’s fuel and oxygen while simultaneously interrupting the chemical reaction of combustion.
What is a CO2 fire extinguisher not used for?
A CO2 fire extinguisher is not used for Class A fires involving solid materials like wood, paper and textiles. When asking what a CO2 fire extinguisher is not used for, you should know they have limited effectiveness on deep-seated Class A fires because they don’t provide the cooling effect needed to prevent re-ignition. CO2 extinguishers are also not suitable for Class F fires involving cooking oils and fats. They should not be used in confined spaces without proper ventilation, as they work by displacing oxygen, which can create asphyxiation hazards. Unlike powder, water mist or foam extinguishers that can handle multiple fire classes, CO2 extinguishers are specifically designed for Class B fires and fires involving electrical equipment, making them less versatile in mixed-risk environments.
What does a dry powder fire extinguisher contain?
A dry powder fire extinguisher contains a specialised dust-like powder, typically made of sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate or monoammonium phosphate, depending on the specific type and intended use. When asking what a dry powder fire extinguisher contains, it’s important to note that this powder is specially formulated to smother fires by forming a thin layer on the burning fuel when discharged. This layer absorbs heat and deprives the fire of oxygen, preventing the continuation of the combustion process. The powder is stored under pressure with nitrogen as the propellant gas. Unlike foam or water extinguishers, dry powder fire extinguishers contain no liquid components, allowing them to be used in freezing conditions outdoors all year round. Powder extinguishers do not contain toxic PFAS chemicals.
What is a foam extinguisher used for?
A foam extinguisher is used for fighting Class A fires (involving solid materials like wood and paper) and Class B fires (involving flammable liquids). When considering what a foam extinguisher is used for, you should know that modern environmentally friendly foam extinguishers, such as P50 A-Foam and B-Foam, work by covering the fire and forming a seal that cuts off the oxygen supply while also providing a cooling effect. Any extinguishers that have been di-electrically tested are also safe for use on live electrical equipment up to 1000V at a distance of 1m. Some foam variants offer the additional benefit of being suitable for Class F fires involving cooking oils.
What are the four types of fire extinguishers?
The four types of fire extinguishers most commonly found in workplaces and public spaces are water, foam, powder and CO2 extinguishers. When asking what are the four types of fire extinguishers, you should understand that each type serves specific purposes: water extinguishers are primarily for Class A fires (solids); foam extinguishers handle Class A and B fires (solids and liquids); powder extinguishers are versatile for Class A, B, C fires and electrical equipment; and CO2 extinguishers target Class B fires and electrical equipment. A fifth type, wet chemical extinguishers, is specifically designed for Class F fires involving cooking oils. Water mist is an additional type of fire extinguisher. Understanding the capabilities of these types of fire extinguishers helps you select the appropriate fire-fighting solution based on your specific fire risks.
What is a wet chemical fire extinguisher used for?
A wet chemical fire extinguisher is used primarily for Class F fires involving cooking oils and fats, making them essential in commercial kitchens and food preparation areas. When deployed, the wet chemical fire extinguisher releases a fine mist that cools the burning oil and undergoes a chemical reaction with the fat to create a soap-like substance that seals the surface and prevents re-ignition. These extinguishers are also effective on Class A fires involving solid materials. They provide a specialised solution for the unique risks posed by high-temperature cooking oils that traditional extinguishers might struggle to combat effectively.
What is the dry powder fire extinguisher class rating?
The dry powder fire extinguisher class rating typically includes Classes A, B and C, making it one of the most versatile extinguishers available. When looking at what the dry powder fire extinguisher class rating covers, you’ll find these extinguishers are suitable for Class A fires (involving solid materials like wood and paper), Class B fires (involving flammable liquids like petrol and oil), and Class C fires (involving gases like propane and butane). Additionally, they’re rated for use on fires involving live electrical equipment up to 1000V from a distance of 1m. This multi-class rating is why powder extinguishers are often chosen for environments with varied fire risks, particularly outdoor settings where their discharge won’t cause visibility or respiratory concerns.
What is the maximum gap allowed under a fire door?
The maximum gap allowed under a fire door is usually 10mm. However, this is not always the case. It is essential to consult the manufacturer’s guidance for the specific type of door that has been installed.
Why should I worry about the gap under my fire door?
Fire doors need a bit of a gap around them to swing freely above the floor covering. However, if the gap is too wide, the fire door’s effectiveness will be compromised. In that case, the door may not provide the protection that it should if a fire breaks out.
All Responsible Persons for fire safety have a legal obligation to maintain their fire doors in accordance with its certification. There is new legislation for the maintenance of fire doors in residential flats. As a result of this legislation, thorough fire door checks must be caried out every three months in properties over 11 meters high, or containing two or more separate dwellings. Consequently, if fire doors are found to be non-compliant, and there are no plans in place for repair or replacement, the Responsible Person could be prosecuted.
Are gaps allowed under fire doors?
Yes, fire doors should have gaps underneath them to allow free movement and ventilation. The allowance for the size of this gap varies between manufactures and must fall within the specified range for that door. Therefore, as recommended in BS 8214:2016 – 9.5.3, you should check requirements with your fire door manufacturer. This is the only way to ensure that every door on your premises is complaint. The door manufacturer should be able to give you specific advice for your circumstance.
If smoke protection is required by Building Regulations, the maximum gap underneath the fire door is reduced to 3mm.
How to fix fire door gaps
Surface mounted drop-down smoke seals or rebated drop-down smoke seals can be fitted to existing fire doors if the gap is too large. Usually suitable for gaps of up to 14mm, they can be attached to the bottom of the door. When the door closes, a plunger makes contact with the door frame and lowers the seal to the floor, closing the gap under the door.
Is your smoke alarm beeping in the night and keeping you awake, or disturbing your day? Whether you have mains powered, interlinked smoke alarms, or battery powered smoke alarms, follow our guidance below to troubleshoot the beeping.
First check there is no smoke or fire in your property
Make sure the beeping is definitely coming from your smoke alarm. Other alarms in the property such as a carbon monoxide alarm or burglar alarm could be responsible for the noise.
Clean the alarm if it is dusty or dirty. Vacuum around the alarm or use a hairdryer to blow out dust on a cool setting.
Replace by date on back of smoke alarm
Check the replace by or manufacture date on your alarm. Smoke alarms usually last for a maximum of 10 years, so if the manufacturing date is approaching 10 years or more than 10 years, it’s time to get a new smoke alarm. Sensors inside the alarm deteriorate after this time causing the alarm to be less effective.
Check the position of your alarm. There are different types of smoke alarm suitable for specific locations in your home. Find out more below about positioning your alarm.
Your smoke alarm may be damaged or have developed a fault. Exposure to water, fire, grease and certain types of paint can cause a fault to develop. If there is a fault, replace your smoke alarm immediately to protect your home and family.
Smoke alarm chirping intermittently
Replace the battery* in your smoke alarm. Ensure you are using the correct battery type and are inserting it the correct way around. If the battery is low, it is more likely to sound at night as a drop in room temperature can impact the battery’s ability to power the alarm.
Check the manufacture date on your alarm. Smoke alarms usually last for a maximum of 10 years, so if the manufacturing date is approaching 10 years or more than 10 years, it’s time to get a new smoke alarm. Sensors inside the alarm deteriorate after this time causing the alarm to be less effective.
Your smoke alarm may be damaged or have developed a fault. Exposure to water, fire, grease and certain types of paint can cause a fault to develop. If you suspect a fault, replace your smoke alarm immediately to protect your home and family.
How to stop wired alarm chirping intermittently
* All new or recently extended homes should have mains powered, interlinked alarms fitted which also have a back-up battery. Intermittent chirping in mains-powered alarms is often caused by low power in the back-up battery.
Replacement batteries for smoke alarms
Smoke alarms usually require either Alkaline AA batteries, an Alkaline 9V battery or a Lithium 9V battery. Buy replacement smoke alarm batteries as soon as possible to ensure that your family would be alerted to a fire in your home.
Mains powered smoke alarm need replacing?
Whether your smoke alarms are mains powered or battery powered, they should be replaced after 10 years due to a deterioration of the sensors. Battery alarms are easily changed and installed, but how do you replace a mains powered alarm? Most mains powered alarms can be replaced without the need for an electrician if you purchase the exact same model, if still available, or an Easichange® replacement where applicable.
Discontinued smoke alarm need replacing?
If you need to purchase a replacement alarm, but find that your existing model has been discontinued, we have a dedicated collection of replacement smoke and heat alarms. This range consists of models specifically chosen to be the simplest, most direct replacement alarms that can often be installed without the need for an electrician.
The type of sensor an alarm has determines where it should be positioned in the home. False alarms may be due to the wrong alarm type being used in or near a steamy, dusty or smoky environment.
Heat alarms are more suited to areas such as the kitchen or garage that are often smoky or dusty. Other types of sensors would be prone to false alarms in these areas.
Optical smoke alarms are ideal for bedrooms, living rooms and ground floor hallways.
To avoid causing false alarms or affecting the performance of an alarm, it is good practice to avoid installing alarms in the following locations:
Next to a door, window, air vent or fan that would create a draft
Outside
Anywhere that airflow would be obstructed by curtains or furniture
Locations that are steamy or humid such as a shower room
Always ensure you act as quickly as possible to change or replace a defective smoke alarm to keep your home and family safe. If you require any further assistance, contact our customer service team on 0800 612 6537 or email support@safelincs.co.uk.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Why is the smoke alarm beeping three times?
When your smoke alarm is beeping three times in succession, this typically indicates a specific message from the manufacturer. The smoke alarm beeping three times often signifies smoke detection – this is different from the single chirp pattern of a low battery warning. Some models use a pattern of three beeps followed by a pause, repeating this sequence to indicate the presence of smoke particles. This could be triggered by actual smoke, dust in the sensing chamber, steam or cooking fumes. If there’s no obvious smoke source, try cleaning the unit by gently vacuuming the exterior vents. In some newer models, a smoke alarm beeping three times can indicate a fault with the sensor itself. If cleaning doesn’t resolve the issue and you’ve verified there’s no fire, check your alarm’s user manual for specific beep pattern meanings or consider replacing the unit.
Why is the hardwired smoke detector chirping?
Your hardwired smoke detector chirping typically signals a specific issue that needs attention. Despite being connected to your home’s electrical system, most hardwired smoke detector units have backup batteries that require periodic replacement. The hardwired smoke detector chirping often indicates that this backup battery is low. Other potential causes include dust accumulation in the sensing chamber, power surges affecting the electronic components, loose wiring connections, or the unit reaching the end of its service life (typically 10 years). To troubleshoot, replace the backup battery first, then try resetting the alarm by disconnecting it from power and removing the battery for 30 seconds. If your hardwired smoke detector chirping continues, check for dust and clean the unit. For persistent issues, the age of the detector or wiring problems may require professional assessment.
Why is my mains powered smoke alarm beeping?
Your mains powered smoke alarm beeping is typically caused by one of several issues. Most mains powered smoke alarms have backup batteries that need replacing periodically, and a low backup battery is the most common reason for beeping. Even though your smoke alarm is connected to mains power, the backup battery ensures protection during power outages. Other causes include dust accumulation on the sensing chamber, end-of-life warnings (smoke alarms typically last 10 years), or a fault in the alarm itself. Try replacing the backup battery first, then clean the unit with a vacuum or hairdryer on a cool setting to remove dust. If your mains powered smoke alarm continues beeping after these steps, check the replacement date on the back – it may simply be time for a new unit.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping every 30 seconds?
When your smoke alarm is beeping every 30 seconds, this is almost always an indication of a low battery. This specific timing pattern is programmed by manufacturers as a low battery warning. The smoke alarm beeping every 30 seconds is designed to be annoying enough to prompt action but not so frequent that it’s confused with an actual fire alarm. Replace the battery as soon as possible using the correct type (usually 9V or AA, depending on your model). If the smoke alarm beeping every 30 seconds continues after battery replacement, the unit may have reached the end of its life (typically 10 years) or developed a fault. Check the manufacture date on the back of the alarm to determine if replacement is necessary.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping intermittently?
Your smoke alarm beeping intermittently can be caused by several factors. The most common reason for a smoke alarm beeping intermittently is a low battery that needs replacement. Other causes include dust or insects inside the sensing chamber, humidity fluctuations, temperature changes or the unit reaching the end of its service life. Clean your smoke alarm by gently vacuuming around the exterior vents to remove dust. Ambient conditions can also trigger intermittent beeping – smoke alarms are sensitive to rapid temperature changes or high humidity. If your smoke alarm beeping intermittently persists after battery replacement and cleaning, check the manufacture date – smoke alarms generally need replacement after 10 years, even if they appear to be working.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping without a battery?
When you experience a smoke alarm beeping without a battery, there are several possible explanations. For mains-powered units, the alarm can still beep without a backup battery installed because it’s drawing power from your home’s electrical system. The beeping may be a warning that the backup battery is missing and needs to be installed. For battery-only models, a smoke alarm beeping without a battery might actually be residual power in the capacitor that can cause chirping for a short time after battery removal. Another possibility is that you’re hearing beeping from a different alarm in your property. Try listening carefully to locate the exact source. If your smoke alarm beeping without a battery continues for more than a few minutes, check all other alarms in your home, including carbon monoxide detectors.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping with a new battery?
If your smoke alarm is beeping with a new battery, several issues might be causing the problem. First, ensure the new battery is properly seated in the compartment and is the correct type for your model. Sometimes, a smoke alarm beeping with a new battery occurs because the battery terminals aren’t making proper contact – try cleaning the contact points with a dry cloth. Another common reason is that the battery might be old despite being ‘new’ to your alarm – check the expiry date on the battery. Dust and debris in the sensing chamber can also trigger beeping even with a new battery installed. Finally, if your smoke alarm beeping with a new battery persists, check the unit’s age – smoke alarms have a service life of approximately 10 years, after which they should be replaced regardless of battery condition.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping after changing the battery?
When your smoke alarm is beeping after changing the battery, it can be frustrating but is usually solvable. The most common reason for a smoke alarm beeping after changing the battery is improper installation – check that the battery is correctly seated and the right type for your model. The battery compartment may not be fully closed, or the alarm might not be properly reattached to its mounting bracket. Some smoke alarms require a reset after battery replacement – look for a test/reset button to press and hold for about 15-20 seconds. Dust accumulated in the sensing chamber can also cause beeping to continue. If your smoke alarm beeping after changing the battery persists, verify the age of the unit – smoke alarms older than 10 years need replacement as the sensors degrade over time, regardless of battery condition.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping after removing the battery?
If you’re experiencing a smoke alarm beeping after removing the battery, this can be puzzling, but it has several explanations. Many smoke alarms contain capacitors that store a small amount of power, which can cause the smoke alarm to beep after removing the battery for a short period – usually up to 15-20 minutes. For hardwired models, the alarm continues to receive power from your home’s electrical system even with the backup battery removed. Some interconnected systems will continue beeping if any alarm in the network has a low battery or fault. Try waiting 20 minutes after battery removal to see if the beeping stops naturally. If your smoke alarm beeping after removing the battery continues beyond this time, check if it’s a mains powered unit or if another alarm might be causing the noise.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping every few minutes?
When your smoke alarm is beeping every few minutes, this typically indicates a specific issue that needs addressing. The pattern of the smoke alarm beeping every few minutes (rather than continuous sounding) usually points to a maintenance alert rather than a fire detection. The most common cause is a low battery that needs replacement. Other possibilities include dust accumulation in the sensing chamber, a fault in the electronic components or an end-of-life warning. Smoke alarms are designed to last approximately 10 years before requiring replacement. If your smoke alarm beeping every few minutes continues after installing a fresh battery and cleaning the unit, check the manufacture date on the back. For models approaching or exceeding 10 years of age, replacement is the best solution, as internal sensors degrade over time.
Why is smoke alarm beeping randomly in the middle of the night?
Your smoke alarm beeping randomly in the middle of the night is a common and frustrating issue. This typically happens because battery power naturally drops at night when temperatures fall. The smoke alarm beeping randomly in the middle of the night is actually the low battery warning becoming more noticeable as the battery power reaches a critical threshold in cooler night time temperatures. Another possibility is that steam or humidity from evening showers might be triggering the alarm if it’s located near bathrooms. Insects can also be more active at night and may enter the sensing chamber. To resolve night time beeping, replace the battery immediately, clean the unit thoroughly, and consider relocating alarms that are too close to bathrooms or kitchens. If the issue persists, check the age of your alarm – units older than 10 years should be replaced.
How do you stop a smoke detector from chirping without a battery?
To stop the smoke detector from chirping without a battery, you’ll need to follow specific steps depending on the type of unit you have. For battery-only models that are chirping without a battery installed, the issue may be residual power in the capacitor. To stop the smoke detector from chirping without a battery in this case, press and hold the test button for 15-20 seconds to discharge any remaining power. For hardwired models, even with the backup battery removed, they’re still connected to your home’s electrical system. You’ll need to turn off power to the circuit at your breaker box, then press and hold the test button to discharge the remaining energy. Some hardwired systems may require a reset procedure – disconnect the unit from the mounting bracket for 15 minutes, then reattach it. If chirping continues, the issue might be with another interconnected alarm in your system that needs attention.
Why is the smoke alarm beeping, but there is no smoke?
When your smoke alarm is beeping, but there is no smoke, several non-emergency factors could be triggering the alarm. The most common reasons for a smoke alarm beeping but no smoke include dust or insects in the sensing chamber, steam or high humidity, rapid temperature changes or cooking fumes that have reached the alarm. Clean your smoke alarm by gently vacuuming the exterior vents or using a hairdryer on a cool setting to blow out dust particles. Consider the location of your alarm – units placed too close to bathrooms or kitchens are prone to false alarms. Some alarms are more sensitive than others; optical alarms are better for living spaces, while heat alarms are more suitable for kitchens. If your smoke alarm continues to beep after cleaning, even though there is no smoke, check the age of the unit. Sensors deteriorate over time, and alarms older than 10 years should be replaced.
Why is the smoke detector beeping with a new battery?
If your smoke detector is beeping with a new battery, there are several potential issues to troubleshoot. First, ensure the smoke detector beeping with the new battery isn’t due to improper installation – check that the battery is correctly seated and the correct type for your model. Some smoke detectors require specific battery brands or types to function properly. The ‘new’ battery might actually be old or expired – check the expiration date. Dust and debris in the sensing chamber can also cause persistent beeping despite a fresh battery. Some models require a reset after battery replacement – look for a test/reset button and hold it for 15-20 seconds. If your smoke detector beeping with the new battery continues, check the manufacture date on the unit. Smoke detectors have a limited lifespan of approximately 10 years, after which internal sensors degrade regardless of battery condition.
Why is the smoke alarm chirping?
Your smoke alarm chirping is typically sending a specific alert message that requires attention. The distinctive chirping sound (different from the continuous alarm) usually indicates a maintenance issue rather than fire detection. The most common reason for a smoke alarm chirping is a low battery that needs replacement. Other causes include dust or insects in the sensing chamber, high humidity affecting the electronics or the unit reaching its end of life (typically 10 years). Some models use different chirping patterns to communicate specific issues – consult your user manual to decipher the message. To resolve the smoke alarm chirping, replace the battery with the correct type, clean the unit thoroughly and check the manufacture date. If your smoke alarm is approaching 10 years of age and continues chirping after battery replacement and cleaning, replacement of the entire unit is recommended.
How do you change the smoke alarm battery?
To change the smoke alarm battery effectively, follow these straightforward steps. First, identify what type of battery your alarm uses – typically, 9V or AA batteries are common. To change the smoke alarm battery safely, turn off power to hardwired models at the circuit breaker if applicable. For most models, twist the alarm counterclockwise to detach it from the mounting plate or open the battery compartment directly. Remove the old battery carefully, noting how it’s positioned. Insert the new battery in exactly the same orientation, ensuring it’s properly seated in the compartment. Close the battery door securely or reattach the alarm to its mounting plate by twisting it clockwise until it clicks. Once installed, press the test button to verify the new battery is working properly. For optimal protection, change the smoke alarm battery at least once a year or immediately when you hear the low battery warning chirp. Mark the replacement date on the inside of the battery compartment for reference unless your smoke alarm contains sealed batteries that are not designed to be replaced – in this instance, the product has reached the end of its life and should be replaced.
With over 20 years of experience in content writing, design and marketing, Mel now heads up the Content & Marketing Team at Safelincs. Having been in the fire safety industry for over 5 years, Mel has now developed a deep understanding of some of the critical issues facing the industry. Alongside her team, she aims to support the public with resources and information to help them improve fire safety at home, in the workplace or in 3rd sector organisations.
The Fire Safety (England) Regulations 2022, which was implemented on 23rd January 2023 sets out new fire door responsibilities for Responsible Persons of multi-occupied residential buildings. Part of these new responsibilities involves inspecting flat entrance doors and educating residents about the importance of fire doors. We explore these new fire door regulations for flats and give guidance about implementation and what is expected from the Responsible Person.
What are the new fire door regulations for flats?
From January 2023, the following fire door regulations apply to any residential building with more than 2 dwellings:
Residents should be provided with information about the importance of fire doors to ensure that they are being used correctly. Distributing our free Residents Fire Door Fact Sheet among your tenants could save lives.
Regularly inspect all fire doors (as specified by your fire risk assessment) and record evidence of the inspections. This free fire door inspection checklist can be downloaded and used as a template to record inspections. Using a Fire Door Gap Gauge will help to effectively measure gaps around the sides and top of fire doors to ensure they are within the required limits.
These additional regulations apply to buildings over 11 metres in height:
Every 3 months, the Responsible Person must check all fire doors in communal areas of the building.
Annually, the Responsible Person should make ‘best endeavour’ checks on every flat entrance door within the building.
What is a ‘best endeavour’ check for flat entrance doors?
Under these new fire door regulations, checks on flat entrance doors must be carried out once a year. The Responsible Person must therefore make a ‘best endeavour’ to gain consent from the tenant to enter the property. This is essential for Responsible Persons to be able to carry out their legal duty to check fire doors.
Permission to access flats must be sought in advance of the intended inspection, with at least 24 hours’ notice. This should be requested multiple times. If residents are unresponsive, supplement with educational material on the importance of fire doors and new legislation to encourage cooperation. Make contact in writing, either via email or dated written letter, to keep a record of ‘best endeavour’ attempts to inspect flat front doors.
The importance of fire doors in flats
Fire doors save lives: Flats that open out into communal areas are legally required to have FD30 ratings. This means that they can withstand fire for at least 30 minutes. If a fire starts in one flat, the fire door will stop flames and smoke from spreading to communal areas and corridors. This provides enough time to for residents to escape the building safely. The responsible person has a legal responsibility to make sure all fire doors are in good working order. They must also ensure that that fire door regulations are followed at all times in the building.
Keeping fire doors closed: A fire door can only contain a fire and smoke if it is closed. Fire doors should always be fitted with a door closer to ensure that the door automatically closes after use. If residents prop open fire doors for any reason, the door will not work. This means that the building’s safety will be put in jeopardy.
Educating residents on the importance of fire doors
Information about the importance of fire doors must be available in communal areas. Ensuring residents are aware of the importance of keeping fire doors shut can be challenging, especially if tenants change frequently. Displaying information in communal areas can encourage tenants to work together to keep the building safe. Ensure that new tenants have been made aware of fire safety procedures when they receive they keys, as it provides an opportunity to ask questions.
Are door closers required on flat doors?
Door closers are required on flat doors to ensure that they are shut when not in use. If door closers are not installed, or have been removed or deactivated, the door may be open in a fire. This will allow smoke and flames to spread throughout the building.
Fire doors cannot effectively prevent the spread of smoke and flames if they are not properly maintained
Residents and fire door accessibility issues
Due to their heavy construction and required door closer, fire doors may pose accessibility problems. This can affect disabled residents, those with impaired mobility, older people, or those with young children. In these circumstances, fire doors can seem impractical and a barrier to free movement. Where flat entrance doors are fire doors, tenants may try to find a solution to help them it more easily. Common misuse in this way involves doors being wedged or propped open for convenience, or fire door closers being disengaged.
Without effective fire doors in all parts of the building, everyone’s fire safety is compromised. Further to this, the Responsible Person may be liable for prosecution under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005.
Retaining fire doors in residential blocks
There are a number of solutions available that allow fire doors in residential buildings to be held open safely in normal day-to-day use, but will close the fire door when the fire alarm sounds. In BS 7273-4: 2015 Critical (Category A) areas, such as stair wells, it is paramount that fire doors are maintained and effective at all times to slow the spread of smoke and flames throughout the building.
Fireco’s Pro Fire Door Retainer System allows fire doors to be held open safely and legally
Fireco’s Pro Fire Door Retainer System is one example to enable fire doors to be safely and legally held open, without compromising their effectiveness in a fire, even in Category A areas. This system can be configured with any proportion of Dorgard Pro or Freeswing Pro units to suit the needs of the building, with up to 500 devices in one system. Fire door retention improves ventilation and ease of movement within a building, which reduces temptation for residents to illegally hold them open.
This wireless fire door retainer system is operated by a control hub, which is wired directly into the building’s fire alarm system. During a fire, the fire alarm is activated, and the hub signals every device in its system to release the fire doors, causing them to close. The optional InSite Site Manager cloud remote management system gives you the ability to check the system status, including the status of each individual component, from anywhere.
With over 20 years of experience in content writing, design and marketing, Mel now heads up the Content & Marketing Team at Safelincs. Having been in the fire safety industry for over 5 years, Mel has now developed a deep understanding of some of the critical issues facing the industry. Alongside her team, she aims to support the public with resources and information to help them improve fire safety at home, in the workplace or in 3rd sector organisations.
Will a Carbon Monoxide alarm detect gas leaks? Carbon Monoxide detectors will only be activated by the presence of carbon monoxide gas (CO), which is the result of incomplete combustion. CO can be released by faulty fuel-burning appliances, such as gas stoves, boilers, and fire places. Carbon monoxide detectors will not detect gas leaks involving the natural gas (NG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) which fuel household appliances, such as boilers.
A carbon monoxide alarm will not detect gas leaks
Why has my CO alarm not gone off during a gas leak?
An odorant is added to LPG and NG gas supplied to homes, because the gases are highly flammable and explosive. The unpleasant, sulphur-like smell is designed to alert occupiers to any leaks. Many people worry that there is a problem with their CO detectors when, even though they can smell gas, their CO alarm has not gone off.
However, in these scenarios, the CO alarm is not faulty. The detectors in these devices are only triggered by carbon monoxide, which is released by faulty fuel burning appliances. Carbon monoxide is colourless and has no smell, and therefore cannot be detected by humans, unlike a gas leak. Ensure your CO alarm is in good working order by pressing the ‘test’ button regularly. You should also check that the alarm is still ‘in date’ (CO alarms usually need replacing between 7 and 10 years after installation).
A digital CO alarm will display current CO levels at all times
How can I protect my family from carbon monoxide gas?
Carbon Monoxide has no colour, smell, or taste, but can kill within minutes of exposure. CO is a byproduct of incomplete combustion within faulty gas burning appliances, so there is no way to add an odorant to this deadly gas. The only way to detect Carbon Monoxide is with a CO detector. To protect your family from CO poisoning:
For more information about the dangers of Carbon Monoxide, and what to do if you are being exposed, read ‘Do I need a Carbon Monoxide alarm?’.
A carbon monoxide alarm can’t detect gas leaks, so how can a gas leak be detected?
Gas leaks can be incredibly dangerous, due to the explosive and flammable nature of component gases. While the strong smell added to these gases is designed to alert occupiers of the leak, this is unlikely to wake you if you are asleep. If you wish to protect your family against leaks of unburned gases, install a specialist gas detector in your home.
What to do if there is a gas leak in your home
If you smell gas in your home, it is likely that there is a gas leak. This could be in your home, or a neighbouring property. Open all windows and doors to dilute the concentrations of gas in the property. Do not light cigarettes or matches, or turn on any electrical devices. If possible, turn off the gas meter to stop more gas from entering, and alert neighbours to do the same until the source of the leak has been professionally identified.
Evacuate the property, and once outside the property, call your local GDN’s emergency number (Gas Distribution Network) as soon as possible.
